Polyvinyl chloride iri kupinda muzvishandiso zvisingaverengeki zvinoumba hupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva uye mashandiro emaindasitiri. Kubva pamapaipi anotakura mvura kuenda kudzimba dzedu kusvika kutambo dzinotumira simba nedata, kugona kwePVC kuchinjika hakuna kuenzana. Asi, iyi polymer inozivikanwa ine chikanganiso chakakosha: kusagadzikana kwekupisa. Kana ikasangana nekupisa kwakanyanya kunodiwa pakugadzirisa - senge extrusion, injection molding, kana calendering - PVC inotanga kuora, ichiburitsa hydrogen chloride (HCl) inokuvadza uye ichikanganisa kusimba kwechimiro chezvinhu. Apa ndipo panopindira zvinosimbisa, uye pakati pesarudzo dzakasiyana dziripo, zvinosimbisa lead zvave nguva refu zviri musimboti muindasitiri yePVC. Mafomula ekusimbisa PVC akavakirwa pa lead akawana nzvimbo yawo kuburikidza nemakumi emakore ekushanda kwakaratidza, kunyangwe akatarisanawo nekuongororwa kuri kukura munguva yekuwedzera kweruzivo rwezvakatipoteredza. Mublog rino, tichaongorora mashandisirwo chaiwo enyika, mabhenefiti akakosha, uye zvipingamupinyi zvisingadzivisike zvezvisimbisa izvi, ukuwo tichiongorora kuti vatungamiriri veindasitiri vari kufamba sei mumamiriro ekuchinja ekusimbisa PVC.
Kunzwisisa basa rechinodzivirira mutobvuMukugadzirisa PVC, zvakakosha kunzwisisa mashandiro azvo makuru. Padanho rekutanga, zvinhu zvinosimbisa masero zvine lead zvinoshanda sezvinhu zvinobvisa makemikari eHCl zvinobudirira. PVC painoora pasi pekupisa, zvinhu zvinosimbisa masero zviri mu lead zvinosangana neHCl inoburitswa kuti zvigadzire ma chloride e lead asinganyunguduki mumvura. Izvi zvinokanganisa autocatalytic decomposition cycle, zvichidzivirira kuputsika kwe polymer chain. Chinosiyanisa zvinhu zvinosimbisa masero zvine lead kubva kune dzimwe nzira dzakawanda kugona kwavo kupa kugadzikana kwekupisa kwenguva refu, kwete kungodzivirira kwenguva pfupi panguva yekugadzirisa. Kushanda uku kunogara kwenguva refu kunoita kuti zvive zvakakosha zvikuru kumashandisirwo apo zvigadzirwa zvePVC zvinotarisirwa kutsungirira mamiriro ekunze akaoma kwenguva refu - kazhinji makumi emakore. Pamusoro pezvo, maformula akavakirwa pa lead anowanzo kupa musanganiswa wakaenzana wekudzivirira kupisa uye mafuta ekuzora, izvo zvinoita kuti kugadzirisa kuve nyore nekuderedza kukweshana pakati pePVC particles uye pakati pepolymer yakanyungudutswa nemichina yekugadzirisa. Kushanda uku kuviri kunowedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira, zvichiita kuti chigadzirwa chigare zvakanaka uye nguva shoma yekuzorora.
Mashandisirwo anoshanda ekushandisa zvinhu zvine mutobvuPVC stabilizerdzakadzika midzi mumaindasitiri uko kugara kwenguva refu, kuvimbika, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemari zvisingakurukurwi. Imwe yenzvimbo dzakakurumbira iindasitiri yekuvaka, uko mapaipi ePVC nezvishandiso zviri kwose kwose. Ingave ichishandiswa pakupa mvura inonwiwa, masisitimu etsvina, kana kudhonza mvura pasi pevhu, mapaipi aya anofanira kuramba ngura, kuchinja-chinja kwekupisa, uye kushushikana kwemuchina kwemakumi emakore. Zvigadzirisi zvelead zvinoita basa guru mukuona kuti izvi zvinogara kwenguva refu; kugadzikana kwazvo kwenguva refu kwekupisa kunodzivirira kuparara kwemapaipi kunyangwe kana akasangana nemvura inopisa kana zuva rakananga. Semuenzaniso, mapaipi ePVC akaomarara akagadzika nemakemikari elead anochengetedza kusimba kwawo uye kugona kwawo kutakura kumanikidzwa kwenguva yakareba kupfuura ayo anoshandisa zvigadzirisi zvisina kusimba. Kuvimbika uku ndiko kusaka mapurojekiti mazhinji ezvivakwa, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine mamiriro ekunze akaomarara, ave achivimba nemapaipi ePVC akagadzika-tsika.
Imwe nzvimbo yakakosha yekushandisa lead stabilizer iindasitiri yemagetsi nemagetsi, kunyanya mukudzivirira tambo newaya. PVC inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakudzivirira tambo dzemagetsi, tambo dzekutaurirana, uye waya dzemagetsi nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwakanaka hwekudzivirira magetsi, asi hunhu uhwu hunogona kuora nekukurumidza kana zvinhu zvisina kugadzikana zvakanaka. Zvidziviriri zvine lead zvinobudirira pano nekuti lead chloride dzinoumbwa panguva yekudzikamisa zvinhu zvakare zvinodzivirira magetsi zvakanaka, zvichiita kuti hunhu hwekudzivirira tambo hurambe hwakagadzikana nekufamba kwenguva. Pamusoro pezvo, izvi zvinodzivirira zvinopa kudzivirira kwakanyanya kwemamiriro ekunze, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanaka pakushandiswa kwetambo dzekunze uko kunosangana nemwaranzi yeUV, hunyoro, uye tembiricha yakanyanya kuwanda. Kubva patambo dzemagetsi dzepamusoro kusvika patambo dzekutaurirana pasi pevhu, kudzivirira kwePVC kwakagadzikana kunovimbisa kutapurirana kwemagetsi kwakachengeteka uye kwakavimbika.TopJoy ChemicalMaitiro ekugadzirisa tambo akavakirwa pa lead akagadzirwa kuti asvike padanho rekushanda kwemagetsi, nekuchinja kushoma kwe batch-to-batch nekuda kwemaitiro ekugadzira anodzorwa nePLC. Kuenderana uku kwakakosha kune vagadziri vetambo, avo vasingakwanise kubhadhara kutsauka kunogona kukanganisa kuchengetedzeka kwemagetsi.
Maprofile emahwindo nemasuo anomiririra chimwe chinhu chikuru chekusimbisa PVC yakavakirwa pa lead. Maprofile ePVC akasimba anodiwa mukuvaka nekuda kwekushandisa simba rawo zvakanaka, kusagadzirisa zvakanyanya, uye kuramba kuora nezvipembenene. Zvisinei, maprofile aya anogara achisangana nemamiriro ekunze - chiedza chezuva, mvura, sinou, uye kuchinja-chinja kwekupisa - zvinoda kugadzikana kwakanyanya uye kuchengetedza mavara. Maprofile e lead anopa kudzivirira kweUV kudzivirira kusviba uye kuputsika, zvichiita kuti maprofile acho arambe achitaridzika zvakanaka uye akasimba muchivako chehupenyu hwese. Pamusoro pezvo, mafuta avo anorerutsa kubuda kwemaumbirwo akaomarara ane saizi chaiyo, chinhu chakakosha pakuona kukodzera kwakakodzera uye kushanda nesimba mukuisa mahwindo nemasuo. Kunyange hazvo dzimwe nzira itsva dzekusimbisa simba dziri kuwana simba muchikamu ichi, sarudzo dzakavakirwa pa lead dzichiri kushanda mumisika uko mutengo uye kushanda kwenguva refu ndizvo zvinonyanya kukonzera.
Zvakanakira zvePVC stabilizer ine lead-based zvinopfuura kushanda kwayo mune mamwe mashandisirwo; zvinopawo mabhenefiti anokwezva ehupfumi uye ekugadzirisa. Kushanda zvakanaka kwemutengo pamwe ndiyo mukana wakakosha. Zvigadziriso zvine lead-based zvine chiyero chepamusoro chekushanda-ku-mutengo, zvinoda dosi shoma pane zvimwe zvinogadzirisa kuti zviwane dziviriro yakafanana. Izvi zvinoderedza mitengo yezvinhu zvevagadziri, chinhu chakakosha mumaindasitiri anonyanya kukoshesa mitengo senge kuvaka nemagetsi. Pamusoro pezvo, kuenderana kwavo nemhando dzakasiyana dzePVC - kubva pakushanda zvakaoma kusvika pakushanda zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika pakushanda-zvinogona kuchinja - zvinoita kuti zvive mhinduro inoshanduka-shanduka, zvichibvisa kudiwa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadziriso mumitsetse yakasiyana yezvigadzirwa. Kuchinja-chinja uku kunoita kuti manejimendi yezvinhu uye maitiro ekugadzira zvive nyore, zvichideredza mari yekushanda.
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha che lead stabilizer inguva yavo yakakura yekugadzirisa. Vagadziri vePVC vanowanzo shanda mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekushisa uye kumhanya kwekugadzirisa, uye lead-based stabilizers dzinopa kushanda kwakafanana mumhando idzi. Hunhu hwavo hwekuzora hunoderedza kukweshana panguva yekubuda uye kuumbwa, kudzivirira kuungana kwemafuta uye kuona kuti zvigadzirwa zvinogadzirwa zvakanaka, zvakafanana. Izvi hazvingogadzirisi mhando yechigadzirwa chete asiwo zvinowedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira nekuderedza nguva yekuchenesa nekugadzirisa michina. Kune vagadziri vanoshanda nePVC yakadzokororwa,zvinosimbisa zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nemutobvuZvinokosha zvikuru nekuda kwekugona kwadzo kugadzirisa cheni dzepolymer dzakaora dzinowanzo kuwanikwa muzvinhu zvakadzokororwa. Izvi zvinotsigira kuedza kwehupfumi hwedenderedzwa nekuwedzera kushandiswa kwemarara ePVC, kunyangwe zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti mitemo ichiri kushanda kune zvigadzirwa zvakadzokororwa zvine lead.
Pasinei nebasa rayo rekare uye mabhenefiti akakosha, chinodzora PVC chine mutobvu chinosangana nemiganhu isingadzivisike, inonyanya kutarisisa hutano, kunetseka nezvezvakatipoteredza, uye mitemo iri kuchinja. Mutobvu isimbi ine chepfu inogara iripo inogona kuungana mumuviri wemunhu uye nharaunda, zvichikonzera njodzi huru kuhutano kuvashandi vari mukugadzirisa PVC nevanoshandisa kana zvigadzirwa zvikadonha nemutobvu nekufamba kwenguva. Huturu uhwu hwakaita kuti pave nemitemo yakasimba inodzora kushandiswa kwezvinodzora mutobvu munzvimbo dzakawanda. Mirayiridzo yeREACH neRoHS yeEuropean Union, semuenzaniso, inorambidza zvakanyanya kana kurambidza kushandiswa kwemutobvu munzvimbo dzakawanda dzePVC, kunyanya idzo dzinosanganisira kusangana nechikafu, zvishandiso zvekurapa, uye zvigadzirwa zvevana. Mitemo yakafanana yakagamuchirwa muNorth America, Japan, nedzimwe misika dzakabudirira, ichideredza kushanda kwezvinodzora mutobvu munzvimbo idzi.
Chimwe chinokanganisa inyaya yekusvibiswa kwesarufa. Mishonga yemutobvu inobatana nezvinhu zvine sarufa, zvichikonzera kushata kweruvara rwezvigadzirwa zvePVC. Izvi zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwezvinodzivirira zvinobva mumutobvu mukushandiswa uko kuenderana kwemavara kwakakosha, kana apo zvigadzirwa zvinogona kusangana nenzvimbo dzine sarufa yakawanda—senge nzvimbo dzemaindasitiri kana kushandiswa kwekunze pedyo nemagetsi anopfuta marasha. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinodzivirira zvinobva mumutobvu hazvina kukodzera zvigadzirwa zvePVC zvinopenya, sezvo zvinowanzoita kuti pave nehutsi hushoma kana ruvara, zvichideredza kushandiswa kwazvo mukushandiswa kwakadai sekurongedza kwakajeka kana mafirimu anopenya.
Kukanganiswa kwezvinodzivirira zvinhu zvine mutobvu kunopfuura kukuvadza kwazvinoita. Kucherwa nekugadziriswa kwemutobvu kunonyanya kushandisa zviwanikwa zvakawanda uye kunokuvadza nharaunda, zvichikonzera kusvibiswa kwevhu nemvura. Kuraswa kwezvigadzirwa zvePVC zvine mutobvu kunounzawo matambudziko, sezvo kuraswa zvisina kunaka kunogona kusunungura mutobvu munzvimbo. Izvi zvinonetsa nharaunda zvakakonzera kugadzirwa kwemamwe matekinoroji ekugadzirisa zvinhu, akadai sezvinosimbisa calcium-zinc (Ca-Zn), izvo zvisina chepfu uye zvine hushamwari kune zvakatipoteredza. Kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nzira idzi dzakabudirira zvikuru mukushanda, dzinowanzova nemitengo yakakwira kana kuti mahwindo ekugadzirisa akamanikana zvichienzaniswa nezvinodzora mafambiro emagetsi zvichibva pamuti, kunyanya mukushandiswa kunoda kugadzikana kwenguva refu kwekupisa.
Kune vagadziri vanofamba munzvimbo iyi yakaoma, kushanda pamwe chete nemutengesi ane ruzivo rwekugadzirisa zvinhu zvakakosha. Makambani akaita seTopJoy Chemical anoziva zvinodiwa zviviri zveindasitiri: kuchengetedza mashandiro uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemutengo uku vachitevedzera mitemo iri kuchinja. Kunyange zvazvo TopJoy Chemical yakawedzera portfolio yayo kuti isanganise Ca-Zn stabilizers inoshanda zvakanyanya kuti isangane nekuwedzera kwekuda kwemhinduro dzinochengetedza nharaunda, inoramba ichipawo mhando dzemhando yepamusoro dze lead-based stabilizers kumisika nemashandisirwo ayo apo anoramba achienderana uye achidikanwa. Aya maformula akavakirwa pa lead akagadzirwa nepfungwa dzekuchengetedza, achisanganisira mafomu asina guruva kana flake kuderedza kusangana kwevashandi panguva yekubata - kuvandudza kwakakosha pane maformula ekare e lead stabilizers. Pamusoro pezvo, maitiro ekudzora mhando eTopJoy Chemical anovimbisa kuti maformula avo akavakirwa pa lead anosangana nezvinodiwa zvakanyanya zveindasitiri kuti zvienderane uye zvishande, zvichibatsira vagadziri kudzivirira matambudziko ekugadzira anodhura uye kuona kuti mitemo inotevedzera mitemo.
Tichitarisa mberi, basa rePVC stabilizer rine mutobvu rinogona kuramba richiderera mumisika yakabudirira sezvo mitemo yakasimbiswa uye matekinoroji akasiyana ari nani. Zvisinei, mumisika mizhinji iri kubuda uko mitemo isinganyanyi kuoma uye mutengo ndiwo unonyanya kufungwa nezvawo, zvinhu zvinosimbisa mutobvu zvicharamba zviri sarudzo inoshanda mune ramangwana. Kune misika iyi, vatengesi vakaita seTopJoy Chemical vanoita basa rakakosha mukupa mhinduro dzakachengeteka, dzemhando yepamusoro dzinobva mumuti uku vachidzidzisawo vatengi nezvemabhenefiti ekuchinja kune dzimwe nzira dzinogara kwenguva refu sezvo mitemo ichichinja.
Mukupedzisa, zvinhu zvinosimbisa masero esimbi zvave zvichishanda nesimba muindasitiri yePVC kwemakumi emakore, zvichipa kugadzikana kwekupisa kwenguva refu kusingaenzaniswi, kushanda zvakanaka kwemari, uye kugona kushandiswa mukushandiswa kwakakosha senge mapaipi ekuvaka, tambo dzemagetsi, uye ma profiles emahwindo. Zvipingamupinyi zvavo—zvakatarisana nehupfu, zvirambidzo zvemitemo, uye kukanganisa nharaunda—zvakakosha, asi hazvideredzi kukosha kwazvo mumisika yakati wandei. Sezvo indasitiri iri kufambira mberi kune tsika dzinochengetedza nharaunda, chinangwa chiri kuchinja kune mamwe matekinoroji ekusimbisa makemikari, asi zvinhu zvinosimbisa makemikari zvine mutobvu zvicharamba zviri chikamu chakakosha chenzvimbo yePVC kwemakore anotevera. Nekubatana nemutengesi akaita seTopJoy Chemical, vagadziri vanogona kuwana mhinduro dzakakodzera dzekusimbisa makemikari zvinoenderana nezvavanoda, kungave zvichireva maformula emhando yepamusoro emisika inoenderana nezvinodiwa kana dzimwe nzira dzinochengetedza nharaunda dzematunhu ane mitemo yakasimba yezvakatipoteredza. Pakupedzisira, chinangwa ndechekuenzanisa mashandiro, mutengo, uye kugara kwenguva refu—dambudziko rinoda hunyanzvi, hunyanzvi, uye kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwezvinodiwa zveindasitiri zviripo uye zveramangwana.
Nguva yekutumira: Ndira-19-2026